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The efficiency of an LDO regulator can be calculated as follows:
Input power (PIN) and output power (POUT) can be calculated using Equation 2 and Equation 3, respectively:
When the quiescent current (IB) of an LDO regulator is negligibly smaller than the input current (IIN), Equation 2 can be approximated as follows:
Substituting Equations 3 and 4 into Equation 1, we obtain:
In the case of series regulators, IIN = IOUT.
Hence,
So, the efficiency of an LDO regulator can be calculated as the ratio of input voltage (VIN) to output voltage (VOUT).
Therefore, an LDO regulator can be used to compose a high-efficiency power supply, depending on the input and output voltage conditions.