Care should be exercised as to switching noise when using CMOS logic ICs. Major types of noise include:
(a) Switching noise (overshoot, undershoot, ground bounces)
(b) Signal reflection
(c) Crosstalk noise
See the figure below. Each type of noise is detailed in the following subsections. These types of noise are caused by the output slew rate (di/dt or dv/dt) and the output trace. Care should also be taken as to electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise generated under multiple combined conditions and electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) noise emitted by nearby electronic devices.