Supplemental information: IEC61000-4-2 and IEC 61000-4-5

IEC61000-4-2 and IEC 61000-4-5 are designed to ensure that electronic systems will not be degraded or destroyed by ESD in the everyday environment.

1. IEC 61000-4-2 test (ESD immunity test: Human body model)
As is the case with the HBM, this test simulates a discharge that might be released from a charged human body. Two methods are used for ESD testing:

• Direct discharge: Tests a discharge that might occur when a human directly touches an exposed metal surface of a system or a device.
• Air discharge: Tests a discharge that might occur between equipment under test (EUT) and a discharge gun through an air layer when the surface of the EUT is coated with resin or other coating materials.

These ESD tests are stipulated in IEC 61000-4-2 from the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Toshiba’s ESD protection diodes are tested using both direct and air discharge methods.

2. IEC 61000-4-5 test (Surge immunity test: Lightning surge test)
Also known as a lightning surge test, a surge immunity test models transient phenomena caused by a direct lightning strike as well as voltage and current surges induced by a nearby lightning strike. This test also includes transient switching phenomena such as a sharp load variation and a load short-circuit that might occur when the power switch of a large machine is turned on. The IEC 61000-4-5 test is the most stringent system-level surge immunity test in terms of the level and cycle time of the surge current applied.
The surge immunity test is stipulated in IEC 61000-4-5.