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The wavelength range of LEDs
Download "Chapter V : Optical Semiconductors" (PDF:1.8MB)
The LED emits ultraviolet light to infrared light with various wavelengths. This emission wavelength is expressed by the following equation using the energy band gap (Eg) of compound semiconductor material.
λ(nm) = 1240/Eg (eV)
Larger Eg materials emit shorter wavelengths, and materials with smaller Eg emit longer wavelengths.
For infrared LEDs used in television remote controls etc., GaAs (gallium arsenide) is the material used; for red/green indicator LEDs, GaP or InGaAlP is used; and for blue LED, InGaN or GaN is used.
| Material | Energy Band gap Eg ＠300K (eV) |
Wavelength(λ） | Color |
|---|---|---|---|
| GaAs | 1.4 | 885 nm | Infrared |
| GaP | 1.8 to 2.26 | 549 to 700 nm | Green to red |
| InGaAlP | 1.9 to 2.3 | 539 to 653 nm | Green to red |
| InGaN | 2.1 to 3.2 | 388 to 590 nm | Ultraviolet to green |
| GaN | 3.4 | 365 nm | Ultraviolet to blue |
