Basic Knowledge of Discrete Semiconductor Device

Chapter 1 discusses the basics of semiconductors such as the definition of “semiconductor”, materials of semiconductors, n-type and p-type semiconductors, and p-n junctions.
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Includes:

• What is a Semiconductor?
  
• Semiconductor raw materials
• n-type Semiconductor
• p-type Semiconductor
• Compound Semiconductor
• pn Junction
• Types of Semiconductor Devices

Chapter 2 shows different types of diodes and discusses their operations and characteristics.

Includes:

• Types of Diodes
• Functions of Rectifier Diodes
• Forward Characteristic of Rectifier Diodes (IF-VF Characteristic)
• FRDs (Fast Recovery Diodes)
• Voltage Regulator Diodes (Zener Diodes)
• TVS diode (ESD protection diode)
• Difference between TVS Diodes and Zener Diodes
• Variable-capacitance Diodes (Varicap Diodes)
• Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs)
• Reverse Recovery Characteristic of Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs)
• Difference Depending on Metal of Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs)
• Characteristics Application of Various Diodes

Chapter 3 shows different types of transistors and discusses their operations and characteristics.

Includes:

• Types of Transistors
• Bipolar Transistors (BJTs)
• Bias Resistor Built-in Transistors (BRTs)
• Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs)
• Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)
• Differences between BJT and MOSFET
• Structure and Operation of MOSFET
• MOSFET Performance Improvement: Decision Factors of RDS(ON)
• MOSFET Performance Improvement: Approach to Low RDS(ON)
• MOSFET Performance Improvement: Super-Junction MOSFETs (SJ-MOS)
• Summary of MOSFET Features by Structure
• Performance of MOSFETs: Drain Current and Power Dissipation
• Performance of MOSFETs: Avalanche Capability
• Performance of MOSFETs: Characteristic of Capacitance
• Performance of MOSFETs: Safe Operating Area(or Area of Safe Operation)
• Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)
• Operation of Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)
• Performance Improvement of IGBTs: Evolution of Vertical Design
• What are RC-IGBTs and IEGTs?
• Application of IGBTs
• Comparison of Forward Characteristics of IGBTs and MOSFETs
• Comparison of Transistors by Structure
• Datasheets of MOSFET: Maximum Ratings
• Datasheets of MOSFET: Electrical Characteristics
• Datasheets of MOSFET: Capacitance and Switching Characteristics
• Datasheets of MOSFET: Body Diode

Chapter 4 discusses different types of power supply ICs, conditions of power supplies in equipment, and why point-of-load (POL) power supplies are required. It also describes the operations of linear and switching regulators.

Includes:

• Power Management IC
• Example of Power Line Structure in a System
• Why POL Supply ICs Are Wanted?
• Types of Local Power Supply Ics
• Operation of Linear Regulators
• Operation of Switching Regulators
• Functions of LDO
• Load Switch IC
• Functions of Load Switch IC

Chapter 5 discusses different types of isolators/solid state relays including photocouplers and discusses their operations and characteristics.

Includes:

• Types of Optical Semiconductors
• Light-Emitting Principal of LEDs
• The wavelength range of LEDs
• What Is a Photocoupler?
• Why Are Photocouplers Necessary?
• Types of Photocouplers
• Types of Photocouplers (Packages)
• Types of Photocouplers (Internal Structure)
• Safety Standards of Photocouplers
• Characteristics of Photocouplers (Current Transfer Ratio: CTR)
• Principal Characteristics of Photocouplers (Trigger LED Current)
• Aging Variation Data of Photocouplers
• How to Use a Photocoupler
• How to Use a Photocoupler “Input Current”
• How to Use a Photocoupler “Output Current”
• How to Use a Photocoupler “Output-Side Resistor”
• How to Use a Photocoupler Check