What are the differences between the absolute maximum ratings and the recommended operating conditions?

The absolute maximum ratings of a semiconductor device are a set of ratings that must not be exceeded, even for a moment.

Table 1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Exceeding the rating(s) may cause the device breakdown, damage, or deterioration, and may result injury by explosion or combustion. Design so that the absolute maximum ratings are never exceeded under any operating conditions. The operating range is a specification to ensure normal IC operation, and it is essential to strictly adhere to this condition in practical use.

Example: Extract of TB6585AFTG’s data sheet,

Table 2 Operating Ranges
Table 2 Operating Ranges

The absolute maximum rating of power supply voltage is 45V. There will be a possibility of breakdown or damage to the IC when a voltage exceeding 45V is applied.

The operating range of power supply voltage is 4.5~42V. The IC can operate normally within this range. If the operating range is exceeded, there is a possibility that the IC will not function properly.

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